Synchronization phenomena refer to the emergence of common temporal patterns among clusters of interacting units in a complex network. In information transmission, lasers’ synchronization plays a key role in facilitating information communication.

This paper is devoted to studying the synchronization of globally coupled identical laser models via the linear and nonlinear forms of diffusive couplings. In this regard, the master stability function and time-averaged synchronization error are employed as the analytical and numerical approaches to examine complete synchronization. Apart from the complete synchrony, the constructed networks are explored to find other synchronization patterns and multistability.

The results obtained from the master stability function analysis, which are further approved by the numerical outcomes, show that when coupled through the linear diffusive function, the interacting laser models achieve complete synchrony in a small value of the coupling parameter.

However, in the nonlinear case, complete synchronization cannot be attained. Moreover, multistability can be observed in different network states, including cluster synchronization, chimera, and solitary states.

M. Mehrabbeik, S. Jafari, R. Meucci, M. Perc, Synchronization and multistability in a network of diffusively coupled laser models, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation (2023) 107380.